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Methodology
Argonne National Laboratory: “Adoption of Plug-in Electric Vehicles: Local Fuel Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions Across the U.S.” (2024) describes the methodologies and regional comparisons (states and zip codes) at the national level, which provide the foundation of this tool.
Data Sources
- Argonne National Laboratory: “Household Transportation Energy Affordability by Region and Socioeconomic Factors” (2021) presents default annual vehicle miles traveled by zip code (2020 data). The default annual mileage per vehicle for a ZIP code is estimated based on the average vehicle age, average number of vehicles owned per household, household characteristics, and geographic factors. See also https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1760477.
- Experian. 2022 US LD EVD VIO. [Data Sets, available by subscription only]: Vehicle registration and model year distribution by ZIP code (2022 data).
- GasBuddy: Gasoline prices by ZIP code (December 15, 2023 data, representing the 50th percentile of gasoline prices over the past five years.)
- Energy Information Administration (EIA): US Electricity: Retail sales of electricity to ultimate customers – Annual – By Sector, State, and Provider (2022 data).
- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Internal combustion engine vehicles fuel economy (2022 data)
- Fueleconomy.gov. Plug-in electric vehicles fuel economy (2023 data).
- Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS). Average Annual PMT, VMT Person Trips and Trip Length by Trip Purpose show that in 2022 average annual VMT per household was 13,182.